I had to abandon the idea of the superordinate position of the ego

I had to abandon the idea of the superordinate position of the ego. ... I saw that everything, all paths I had been following, all steps I had taken, were leading back to a single point -- namely, to the mid-point. It became increasingly plain to me that the mandala is the centre. It is the exponent of all paths. It is the path to the centre, to individuation .... I knew that in finding the mandala as an expression of the self I had attained what was for me the ultimate.

- C. G. Jung. Memories, Dreams, Reflections.

mandala as curriculum - the bauhaus.

The circle as the sum of an infinite number of small perfect triangles.

The smaller the triangles that are inscribed within a circle, the more nearly they fill it up, shown in the diminishing shaded areas above. Moreover, as these triangles shrink,their heigt (dotted line) gets closer to the length of the radius . .

Perhaps because the circle couldn’t be squared mathematically, it was intriguing to do it visually. Leonardo DaVinci fit the proportions of the limbs of a human body into a circle and a square. Leonardo was illustrating the "ideal" proportions of human limbs relative to body size.

Eugenio Beltrami constructed an explicit model in 1866. This model, now known as the Klein model, represents n-dimensional hyperbolic space by an open ball in Euclidean space, and represents hyperbolic lines by Euclidean straight-line segments in the ball.

The New Jerusalem pattern is a circle surrounded by twelve smaller ones (in the ratio of the earth to the moon), arranged in a pattern like the numbers on a clock face. The twelve circles are grouped in threes, with a dodecahedron circumscribed tangent to them. The number twelve has been seen as a desirable divisor for circles since Babylonian times. It is worth noting that this is exactly double the number that is mathematically required for the symmetric version of this goal, described below.